Volume 70 (2023) Issue 2

Adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and large-cell carcinoma—among other forms of lung cancer—are collectively referred to as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Those who have undergone Highly Emetogenic Chemotherapy (HEC) and Medium Emetogenic Chemotherapy (MEC) should especially be concerned about chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). The aim of this work is to evaluate anti-emetic performance in controlling chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. techniques: Ondansetron (OND), Dexamethasone (Dex), Metoclopramide (Met), Ondansetron plus Dexamethasone (OND + Dex), and Aprepitant plus Dexamethasone (Apr + Dex) were five groups broken out from 361 patients. Evaluating the percentage of patients in each group suffering with acute, delayed, and total CINV was the primary goals. After 24 hours or more following therapy, acute and delayed CINV severity were respectively approximated. On chemotherapy day, likert score of 1 or higher for nausea or at least 1 vomiting event; delayed NV was defined as any day between days 1 and 7. Out of 361 individuals, HEC was received by 200 (55.4%) and MEC by 161 (44.6%). Starting within 24 hours after emetogenic drug delivery, HEC medicines generated significantly higher nausea and vomiting (p<0.05) than MEC during the acute period. Whereas vomiting was not statistically different in HEC patients compared to MEC patients, nausea was considerably higher in the delayed phase (>24 hours post-administration) HEC patients (p<0.05). Based on the Likert score, patients utilizing HEC showed improved degree of nausea with time whereas it was worse on the first day. Against acute and delay phases, ondansetron plus corticosteroid combination showed a notable degree of protection. The combinations of aprepitant with corticosteroid, dexamethasone alone (83.7%), and ondansetron alone (83.4%) did not show any appreciable difference (p> 0.05). Based on the results, typical medication regimens to prevent CINV in patients with NSCLC undergoing chemotherapy were ondansetron with corticosteroid combination.

Background: Colon volvulus is the rotation of a section of the colon around its mesenteric axis, which can cause obstruction of the bowel lumen and its blood supply. This condition is frequently observed in regions referred to as the “volvulus belt” and commonly affects the sigmoid colon (60–70%) and the cecum (25–40%). Case Presentation: We describe a case involving a 50-year-old female of African background who presented with symptoms of bowel blockage and an enlarged abdomen without specific abdominal pain. An abdominal laparotomy revealed the presence of both sigmoid and cecal volvulus, with no signs of perforation or ischemia. Discussion and Conclusion: One potential risk factor for sigmoid colon volvulus is the length of the rectum and sigmoid colon, while a mobile cecum is considered a possible cause of cecal volvulus. Management of colon volvulus is contentious and must be tailored to each individual case, depending largely on the viability of the colonic walls and the patient’s overall condition.